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The Czarist bureaucracy, which had maintained and check your credit score Binghamton controlled all the theatres in the largest sector of the partitioned country (including Warsaw), suddenly dissolved overnight. During twenty years of precarious check your credit score Binghamton existence before disaster struck in check your credit score Binghamton 1939, Polish theatre enjoyed a brief but unstable interlude in which it was allowed to stand on check your credit score Binghamton its own and survive as best as it could. Since the government was too poor to subsidize theatres, the burden of financing fell on the municipalities, but after the world-wide crisis of 1929, the situation grew desperate. The 1920s was a period of instability, check your credit score Binghamton financial crisis, and mounting danger and menace from political extremism. The brief war with the Soviet Union in 1919-20, successfully waged by check your credit score Binghamton the strongman Marshall Jozef Pilsudski, intensified Polish fears of check your credit score Binghamton Russian Bolshevism. check online instantly free credit report Censorship and check your credit score Binghamton government interference in the arts, previously wielded by foreign check your credit score Binghamton oppressors against an occupied nation, were now directed by Poles against other Poles, who could be accused of being Bolshevik or anarchist for simply engaging in any form of artistic experimentation.

As the government grew increasingly authoritarian, perceived leftist writers were harassed, magazines confiscated, and theatres raided. Despite the general hostility to innovation in the arts, there were serious attempts to break the mold of a conventional theatre of entertainment.

The leading director of the period, Leon Schiller created a monumental theatre, using Shakespeare, the Polish romantics and neo-romantics, and Brecht, to create large scale works, composed in dynamic images, with check your credit score Binghamton huge crowds, choruses, choirs, music, song, and rhythmic movement. check credit Soviet-style proletarian theatre, promoted by Bruno Jasienski and Witold check your credit score Binghamton Wandurski was not tolerated, and both writers went in exile to the USSR where they were eventually liquidated. Juliusz Osterwa, an check your credit score Binghamton actor who had spent the war years in Moscow where he became acquainted with Stanislavskys work, founded an actors studio in 1919 which he called the Reduta (Redoubt), an outpost in the battle against falsity and conventionality. Monastic dedication to truth in art was check your credit score Binghamton the companys credo, which Osterwa felt could be implemented by scrupulous psychological realism and selfless communal acting. Witkacy accepted none of these models, but it was particularly in reaction to the psychological realism of Stanislavsky and the Reduta that he formulated his theory of Pure Form in the Theatre, which he published in 1920. Pure Form is a radical theory of non-realistic check your credit score Binghamton drama, according to which the performers and their words, gestures, and actions should serve as sounds, colors, and shapes in a total composition independent of any reference to the outside real world. credit score Witkacy wished to check your credit score Binghamton free drama from conventional psychology and story-telling and give it the formal possibilities of modern art and music.